In access control, which process checks whether a user is allowed to access a resource before access is granted?

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Multiple Choice

In access control, which process checks whether a user is allowed to access a resource before access is granted?

Explanation:
Authorization determines what a user is allowed to do after their identity has been verified. It checks the permissions and policies (such as ACLs, RBAC, or ABAC) to decide if the requested action on the resource is allowed, and only then is access granted. Authentication, by contrast, verifies who the user is. Auditing records what happened for accountability, and encryption protects the data itself rather than deciding who may access it.

Authorization determines what a user is allowed to do after their identity has been verified. It checks the permissions and policies (such as ACLs, RBAC, or ABAC) to decide if the requested action on the resource is allowed, and only then is access granted. Authentication, by contrast, verifies who the user is. Auditing records what happened for accountability, and encryption protects the data itself rather than deciding who may access it.

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